Supervision: Ingenieurbuero Dieter Zinner & Sohn, Krailling Building contractor: Moll and STRABAG Length/ width/height: 55 x 58 x 9,0 m (rectangular hall 42,0 x 42,0 m) Volume: 33827 m³ Costs: ~ 14 million Euro Time of erection: 1999 - 2000 Mass: 8459 t concrete, 47,2 t steel Shape oh the roof: two halves of a hyperbolic saddle-paraboloid Roof coverage: 30 air pneus, ETFE-sheets (something like Teflon) Materials: concrete B25 and B35 (DIN 1045-1988) steel St 37-2, St 37-3 and St 52-3 (DIN 17100) Spiral strand 1 x 37 (DIN 3054), Ø17 mm, stainless steel Fire resistance: 90 min. for the concrete, 0 min. for the roof Foundation: Sand soil with a very aggressive ground water a soil stabilisation with the CSV-method was needed Why is this project important? The project is a co-operation of the Max-Planck-Society and the Zoo Leipzig. The Max-Planck-Society established an institute for evolutionary anthropology and Prof. Dr. Tomasello from the USA was agree to lead the institute, if the primates house is accomplished until the year 2000. So the schedule of planning was really brief. Only because of the software, it was possible to consider the modifications from the architect during the planning. Why is this project so special? The Primates house Leipzig is the largest house for monkeys of the world. It is a tropical house with a natural airing. The house has a rectangular hall without any columns. It is the first monkey house where specially the scientists and the visitors can watch 60 monkeys (chimpanzee A, chimpanzee B, orang-utan, gorilla, bonobo) at the same time. The object of the draft was to create a building which has a natural look. So the building is put into the ground really deep and the upper part of the building is covered with a artificial rock. Use of ESA-Prima Win Description of the technical questions to be solved with ESA-Prima Win: Because of the two steel arcs there is a very big horizontal force. And if you put the force only on the walls below, it is necessary to have some tension anchors for the foundation. But if you use the walls, the slabs and the torsional stiffness of the building, you will get an economic construction. To search for the really way of the stresses, there was a 3-dimensional finite elements structure necessary. Description of our experience with ESA-Prima Win when realising the project: Before we started the project we tested a lot of European and American finite elements software. But there was no program with which we can handle a really big structure and we can design the reinforcement according to DIN 1045-1988. All the other software was difficult to use or the different modules were not in one program. Only ESAPrima Win works with a really good pre-processor and runs sturdy on the personal computer. We solved the calculation with the cholesky-solver (1st order and 2nd order) and there were no accumulation errors. And the difference between the sum of the loads and the sum of the reactions was very small. Modules used: Base 3D Frame 3D Shell 2nd order Frame 2nd order FEM Physical non-linear conditions Steel Code Check (DIN 18800) RC Beams & Columns (DIN 1045) RC Plates & Shells (DIN 1045) Motivation of the jury Technical level of the design & the calculations: Big reaction forces from the gigantic arch are "closed" by the surrounding ring. Originality and prestige: Realization of a natural environment for primates in a zoo with appropriate accommodation for animals, researchers & visitors. Attractive & complete presentation: All load cases explained, clear presentation of the occurring problems/difficulties. Optimal use of the functionalities: High tech & advanced use of software in a complex & large model, non-linear elements, 2nd order FEM calculation. 5 SCIA User Contest Catalog
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