77 In general „Universo“ is a multifunctional building near the centre of Bratislava city. Neighbouring streets and other buildings surround the excavation. The architectural design was made by Partner-Projekt s.r.o., Bratislava. The building is designed as a dilatation unit, even by the difference in height – 8 and 21 floors. The maximal height of the building is 78 m. Geological conditions According to the results of the geological investigation of the surface, the area consists of anthropogenic sediments of approximately 2-3m depth. Underneath descends a complex of dirt-sand sediments silt up by the Danube River; it’s mostly sand-clay soil. The footwall of the stated is mainly consistent but it is also composed of sand-clay grounds and a gravel-sand complex (about 10-12m deep). This gravel is mostly mellow. There are neogenic sediments below. Underground water was found during the exploring bores in the depth between 5,10 to 5,30 m under the surface. Foundation The optimal solution due to the geological conditions is the foundation raft in the gravel level integrated under the tower with the 920 mm thick piles, which are concurrent with the foundation raft. Piles are designed to eliminate the different settlements under the tower and the 8-floor part. The raft will be locally thickened in the columns area up to 1200 mm. The retaining walls, 550 mm thick, are designed around all excavations and the depth of the foundation is 10,2 m. The retaining wall is used as a structural bearing element and because of the level of the underground water, it has to be waterproof. Bearing system The main bearing system of the building is created starting from a cast in place reinforced concrete skeleton with reinforcement walls of the vertical communication core. The walls thicknesses go from 300 mm to 200 mm. The object has 3 basement floors and 21 upper floors. The construction heights of the basement floors are 2,8 m and 3,15 m, the construction height of the ground floor is 5,3 m, the 2nd and 3rd floor have a construction height of 3,6m, and the construction heights of the remaining floors are 2,975 m. One part of the ground floors’ surface is created by a space going through 2 floors, so the columns height in these places reaches 9 m. The prevalent module step in the longitudinal direction is 5,0 and 5,4 m, and in the cross direction 5,4 and 6,2 m. The remaining bearing constructions are reinforced concrete columns and walls. The type of the concrete of the columns is C30/37. The horizontal bearing constructions are monolithic, reinforced concrete and slabs, designed from a C25/30 concrete in the whole extent. The thickness of the slabs is 200 and 210 mm, except the slab above the 1st basement, because the implicit loads during the construction were supposed. Therefore the thickness of this slab is 350-400 mm. In order to secure the slab against the shearing efforts, welded reinforcement are placed around the columns as a shearing reinforcement. The reinforcement of the slabs is created by the KARI mesh with additional reinforcement. Structural calculations The SCIA•ESA PT R6.0 software, using the finite element method, realized the calculations. The whole object was simulated in the 3D model. The loads are calculated according to the valid Slovak standards. The module Soilin was used to simulate the footwall; the piles were simulated by the flexible support. The underground construction wall was simulated as a flexible line support with firmness calculated from the vertical reactions and settlement of max 10 mm. Multifunctional Building Universo Multifunctional Building Universo „UNIVERSO“ is a multifunctional building near the centre of Bratislava city. Neighbouring streets and other buildings surround the excavation. The building is designed as a dilatation unit, it is very remarkable by the difference in heights, one part is composed of 8 floors, the other one of 21 floors. The maximal height of the building is 78 m. The main bearing system of the building is created starting from a cast in place reinforced concrete skeleton with reinforcement walls around the vertical communication core.
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