Supervision:
Ingenieurbuero Dieter Zinner & Sohn, Krailling
Building contractor:
Moll and STRABAG
Length/ width/height:
55 x 58 x 9,0 m (rectangular hall 42,0 x 42,0 m)
Volume:
33827 m³
Costs:
~ 14 million Euro
Time of erection:
1999 - 2000
Mass:
8459 t concrete, 47,2 t steel
Shape oh the roof:
two halves of a hyperbolic saddle-paraboloid
Roof coverage:
30 air pneus, ETFE-sheets (something like Teflon)
Materials:
concrete B25 and B35 (DIN 1045-1988)
steel St 37-2, St 37-3 and St 52-3 (DIN 17100)
Spiral strand 1 x 37 (DIN 3054),
Ø17 mm, stainless steel
Fire resistance:
90 min. for the concrete, 0 min. for the roof
Foundation:
Sand soil
with a very aggressive ground
water a soil
stabilisation with the CSV-method was needed
Why is this project important?
The project is a co-operation of the Max-Planck-Society and
the Zoo Leipzig. The
Max-Planck-Society established an
institute for evolutionary anthropology and Prof.
Dr.
Tomasello from the USA was agree to lead the institute, if
the primates house is accomplished until the year 2000. So
the schedule of planning was really brief.
Only because of
the software, it was possible to consider the modifications
from the architect during the planning.
Why is this project so special?
The Primates house Leipzig is the largest house for
monkeys of the world. It is a tropical house with a natural
airing. The house has a rectangular hall
without any
columns. It is the first monkey house where specially the
scientists
and the visitors can
watch
60
monkeys
(chimpanzee
A, chimpanzee
B,
orang-utan,
gorilla,
bonobo) at the same time. The object of the draft was to
create a building which has a natural look. So the building
is put into the ground really deep and the upper part of
the building is covered with a artificial rock.
Use of ESA-Prima Win
Description of the technical questions to be solved
with ESA-Prima Win:
Because of the two steel arcs there is a very big horizontal
force.
And if you put the force only on the walls below, it
is necessary to have some tension anchors for the
foundation. But if you use the
walls, the slabs and the
torsional stiffness of the building, you
will
get an
economic construction. To search for the really way of the
stresses, there
was a 3-dimensional finite elements
structure necessary.
Description of our experience with ESA-Prima Win
when realising the project:
Before we started the project we tested a lot of European
and American finite elements software. But there was no
program with which we can handle a really big structure
and we can design the reinforcement according to DIN
1045-1988. All the other software was difficult to use or
the different modules were not in one program.
Only ESA-
Prima Win
works
with a really good pre-processor and
runs sturdy on the personal computer.
We solved the
calculation
with the cholesky-solver (1st order and 2nd
order) and there were no accumulation errors. And the
difference between the sum of the loads and the sum of
the reactions was very small.
Modules used:
Base
3D Frame
3D Shell
2nd order Frame
2nd order FEM
Physical non-linear conditions
Steel
Code Check (DIN 18800)
RC Beams & Columns (DIN 1045)
RC Plates & Shells (DIN 1045)
Motivation of the jury
Technical level of the design & the calculations:
Big reaction forces from the gigantic arch are "closed" by
the surrounding ring.
Originality and prestige:
Realization of a natural environment for primates in a
zoo
with appropriate accommodation for animals,
researchers & visitors.
Attractive & complete presentation:
All load cases explained, clear presentation of the
occurring problems/difficulties.
Optimal use of the functionalities:
High tech & advanced use of software in a complex &
large
model, non-linear elements, 2nd order FEM
calculation.
5
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